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Anatomy

Abdomen

Question 136 of 180

The ovaries are supplied by the ovarian arteries, branches of which of the following:

Answer:

The arterial supply to the ovaries is from the ovarian arteries, direct branches from the anterolateral surfaces of the abdominal aorta.

Ovaries are the site of egg production, which are ovulated into the peritoneal cavity and normally directed into the adjacent openings of the uterine tube by fimbriae on the ends of the uterine tubes.

Relations

The ovaries lies adjacent to the lateral pelvic wall just inferior to the pelvic inlet. Each of the two ovaries is about 3 cm long and is suspended by a mesentery (the mesovarium) that is a posterior extension of the broad ligament. Its medial end is attached to the uterus by the ligament of the ovary and its lateral end is related to the fimbriae of the uterine tube.

Modified by FRCEM Success. Original by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Ovary (Image modified by FRCEM Success. Original by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

Blood supply

The arterial supply to the ovaries is from the ovarian arteries, direct branches from the anterolateral surfaces of the abdominal aorta.

Lymphatics

There are three main pathways for lymphatic flow from the ovaries: superiorly to the para-aortic lymph nodes adjacent to the ovarian artery, inferiorly to the medial group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes through the inguinal canal alongside the round ligament, and horizontally to the opposite ovary across the uterine fundus.

Innervation

Visceral afferent fibres usual follow the sympathetic fibres of the ovarian plexus and lumbar splanchnic nerves to cell bodies in the T10 - T12 and L1 spinal sensory ganglia; pain is thus referred to the periumbilical region, suprapubic region and groin. Additionally ovarian pain can also be referred to the medial aspect of the thigh by route of the adjacent obturator nerve.

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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