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Physiology

Basic Cellular

Question 123 of 180

The connective tissue surrounding the whole skeletal muscle is called:

Answer:

The connective tissue surrounding the whole muscle is called the epimysium.

Skeletal Muscle Structure

Physiology / Basic Cellular / Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Last Updated: 26th July 2024

The skeletal muscles and skeleton function together as the musculoskeletal system.

Gross Structure

The connective tissue surrounding the whole muscle is called the epimysium. The connective tissue that extends beyond the body of the muscle eventually blends into a tendon, which is attached to bone or cartilage. Skeletal muscle is composed of numerous parallel, elongated, multinucleated cells called muscle fibres (or myofibres) each enclosed by endomysium, which are grouped together to form fascicles. Each fascicle is surrounded by perimysium.

muscle

Structure of Skeletal Muscle. (Image by Unknown, via Wikimedia Commons)

Muscle Fibres

Beneath the endomysium is the sarcolemma, an elastic sheath that projects into the cell as invaginations called T-tubules which wrap around the sarcomeres, particularly where the thin and thick filaments overlap. Each muscle fibre is composed of myofibrils separated by sarcoplasm and arranged in a parallel fashion along the long axis of the cell. Each myofibril is further subdivided into thick myosin and thin actin myofilaments which are responsible for the cross-striations.

Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436. (Own work) [CC BY 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Skeletal Muscle Fibre. (Image by Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436. (Own work) [CC BY 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons)

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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