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Anatomy

Upper Limb

Question 232 of 239

You have been asked to assess a patient who nursing staff are concerned about. The 26 year old patient fell whilst intoxicated, landing awkwardly on some railings. He is unable to abduct his left shoulder and you suspect deltoid muscle weakness. The deltoid muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:

Answer:

The deltoid muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve.

Deltoid Muscle

Anatomy / Upper Limb / Shoulder

Last Updated: 8th April 2019

The deltoid muscle is large and triangular shape, with its base attached to the scapula and clavicle and its apex attached to the humerus.

Table: Function and Innervation of the Deltoid Muscle

Muscle Deltoid
Function Major abductor of shoulder
Innervation Axillary nerve

Function

The major function of the deltoid muscle is abduction of the arm (beyond the initial 15 degrees achieved by the supraspinatus muscle).

Innervation

The deltoid is innervated by the axillary nerve, a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

Modified by FRCEM Success. Original by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Deltoid Muscle. (Image modified by FRCEM Success. Original by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

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Close
  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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