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Anatomy

Upper Limb

Question 53 of 239

You have been asked to review a 65 year old woman who presents with a 2 week history of pain and weakness of the left shoulder. On examination you note weakness of lateral rotation at the glenohumeral joint, you suspect infraspinatus pathology. The infraspinatus muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:

Answer:

The infraspinatus muscle is innervated by the suprascapular nerve.

Infraspinatus Muscle

Anatomy / Upper Limb / Shoulder

Last Updated: 8th April 2019

The infraspinatus is part of the rotator cuff group.

Table: Function and Innervation of the Infraspinatus Muscle

Muscle Infraspinatus
Function Lateral rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint
Innervation Suprascapular nerve
Examination Infraspinatus Test: Position the patient with the arm fully adducted, with the elbow flexed to 90 degrees. Ask the patient to resist the medially directed force to the arm. Test is positive if patient has pain or weakness.

Function

It acts to laterally rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint, together with the teres minor muscle.

Innervation

It is innervated by the suprascapular nerve.

Examination

Infraspinatus Test: Position the patient with the arm fully adducted, with the elbow flexed to 90 degrees. Ask the patient to resist the medially directed force to the arm. The test is positive if the patient has pain or weakness.

Modified by FRCEM Success. Original by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Infraspinatus Muscle. (Image modified by FRCEM Success. Original by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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