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200
38

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Anatomy

Upper Limb

Question 118 of 239

A 21 year old man presents to the ED after sustaining a penetrating knife injury to the hand. You suspect injury to the structure attached to the proximal lumbrical muscles. The lumbrical muscles originate from which of the following structures:

Answer:

The lumbrical muscles originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle.

Lumbrical Muscles

Anatomy / Upper Limb / Wrist and Hand

Last Updated: 10th April 2019

The lumbrical muscles originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus in the palm and insert into the extensor hoods of the medial four fingers.

Function

The lumbrical muscles act to flex these fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints (MCPJs) and extend them at the interphalangeal joints (IPJs).

Innervation

The medial two lumbricals are innervated by the ulnar nerve and the lateral two lumbricals are innervated by the median nerve.

Lumbrical Muscles. (Image modified by FRCEM Success. Original by CFCF [CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons)

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Close
  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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