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Anatomy

Upper Limb

Question 180 of 239

A 34 year old tree surgeon suffers a crush injury to the entire little finger. Which of the following would you least expect to be affected in this injury:

Answer:

The dorsal interossei insert into the extensor hoods and proximal phalanges of the index, middle and ring finger, but not the little finger, which has its own abductor digiti minimi muscle, part of the hypothenar eminence.

Interosseus Muscles

Anatomy / Upper Limb / Wrist and Hand

Last Updated: 10th April 2019

Attachments

  • The interossei muscles originate from and lie between the metacarpal bones.
  • The dorsal interossei insert into the extensor hoods and proximal phalanges of the index, middle and ring finger.
  • The palmar interossei insert into the extensor hoods of the index, ring and little finger.

Function

  • The four dorsal interossei act to abduct the index, middle and ring fingers at the MCPJs (DAB).
  • The three palmar interossei act to adduct the index, ring and little fingers at the MCPJs (PAD).
  • Because the interossei muscles insert into the extensor hoods, they also contribute to the complex flexion and extension movements of the interphalangeal joints of the digits.

Innervation

  • The interossei muscles are all innervated by the ulnar nerve.

Modified by FRCEM Success. Original by By OpenStax [CC BY 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Interossei Muscles. (Image modified by FRCEM Success. Original by OpenStax [CC BY 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons)

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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