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Anatomy

Lower Limb

Question 72 of 180

You have been asked to perform an arterial blood gas collection from a patient's femoral artery. The femoral triangle is bordered medially by which of the following structures:

Answer:

The femoral triangle is bordered superiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the medial border of the sartorius muscle and medially by the medial border of the adductor longus muscle.

Femoral Triangle

Anatomy / Lower Limb / Femoral Triangle

Last Updated: 10th April 2019

The femoral triangle is a wedge-shaped depression formed by muscles in the upper thigh at the junction between the anterior abdominal wall and the lower limb.

Table: Anatomical Boundaries and Contents of the Femoral Triangle

Femoral Triangle Structure(s)
Superior border Inguinal ligament
Lateral border Medial sartorius muscle
Medial border Medial adductor longus muscle
Roof Fascia lata
Floor Pectineus, iliopsoas and adductor longus muscles
Contents Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, femoral canal

Borders

The femoral triangle is bordered superiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the medial border of the sartorius muscle and medially by the medial border of the adductor longus muscle. The roof is formed by the fascia lata and the floor is formed by the pectineus, iliopsoas and adductor longus muscles.

By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Femoral Triangle. (Image by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

Contents

The contents of the femoral triangle include (from lateral to medial):

  • The femoral nerve
  • The femoral sheath containing:
    • The femoral artery
    • The femoral vein
    • The femoral canal containing:
      • Lymphatic vessels and deep inguinal nodes

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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