Pharmacology
Infections
Which of the following is NOT a notifiable disease:
Answer:
HIV is not a notifiable disease.Notifiable Diseases
Pharmacology / Infections
Last Updated: 12th January 2026
Public Health England (PHE) aims to detect possible outbreaks of disease and epidemics as rapidly as possible. Accuracy of diagnosis is secondary, and since 1968 clinical suspicion of a notifiable infection is all that’s required.
Registered medical practitioners must report a notifiable disease to the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA, previously Public Health England).
If the case is an urgent notifiable disease, you must report it by telephone to your local UKHSA health protection team within 24 hours. This is to discuss actions to protect public health.
Report all cases on the Report a notifiable disease online service within 3 days. Do not wait for laboratory confirmation of the disease. By law, you must report any suspicion of a notifiable disease.
Report a suspected disease as urgent if:
- it’s part of a current outbreak
- it’s uncommon in the UK
- it spreads easily, or its spread is hard to control
- the patient is high risk, for example because of their age or job
List of notifiable diseases
| Disease | Routine or Urgent |
|---|---|
| Acute encephalitis | Routine |
| Acute flaccid paralysis or acute flaccid myelitis (AFP or AFM) | Urgent |
| Acute infectious hepatitis (A/B/C) | Urgent |
| Acute meningitis | Urgent |
| Acute poliomyelitis | Urgent |
| Anthrax | Urgent |
| Botulism | Urgent |
| Brucellosis | Routine – Urgent if acquired in UK |
| Chickenpox (varicella) | Routine |
| Cholera | Urgent |
| Congenital syphilis | Routine |
| COVID-19 | Routine |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) | Routine |
| Diphtheria | Urgent |
| Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) | Routine |
| Enteric fever (typhoid or paratyphoid fever) | Urgent |
| Food poisoning | Routine – Urgent if part of a cluster or outbreak |
| Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) | Urgent |
| Infectious bloody diarrhoea | Urgent |
| Influenza of zoonotic origin | Urgent |
| Invasive group A streptococcal disease | Urgent |
| Legionnaires’ disease | Urgent |
| Leprosy | Routine |
| Malaria | Routine – Urgent if acquired in UK |
| Measles | Urgent |
| Meningococcal septicaemia | Urgent |
| Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) | Urgent |
| Mpox (previously known as monkeypox) | Urgent |
| Mumps | Routine |
| Neonatal herpes | Routine |
| Plague | Urgent |
| Rabies | Urgent |
| Rubella | Routine |
| Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) | Urgent |
| Scarlet fever | Routine |
| Smallpox | Urgent |
| Tetanus | Routine – Urgent if associated with injecting drug use |
| Tuberculosis | Routine – Urgent if healthcare worker, suspected cluster, or multi-drug resistant |
| Typhus | Routine |
| Viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) | Urgent |
| Whooping cough | Urgent if diagnosed in acute phase; Routine in later diagnosis |
| Yellow fever | Routine – Urgent if acquired in UK |
What happens when a notification is made
A risk assessment will be undertaken. Factors that will be considered include:
- Details of significant contacts who might have been exposed
- Vaccination history
- Epidemiologically linked cases
- Factors that may make contacts more vulnerable
- Potential source of infection/ contamination
- Wider public health context
Public health advice on control measures will be provided. This may include advice on:
- Isolation; exclusion and decontamination
- Further laboratory testing
- Post-exposure prophylaxis or immunisation
- Other control measures
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- Biochemistry
- Blood Gases
- Haematology
| Biochemistry | Normal Value |
|---|---|
| Sodium | 135 – 145 mmol/l |
| Potassium | 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l |
| Urea | 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l |
| Glucose | 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l |
| Creatinine | 35 – 135 μmol/l |
| Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) | 5 – 35 U/l |
| Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) | < 65 U/l |
| Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) | 30 – 135 U/l |
| Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) | < 40 U/l |
| Total Protein | 60 – 80 g/l |
| Albumin | 35 – 50 g/l |
| Globulin | 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl |
| Amylase | < 70 U/l |
| Total Bilirubin | 3 – 17 μmol/l |
| Calcium | 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l |
| Chloride | 95 – 105 mmol/l |
| Phosphate | 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l |
| Haematology | Normal Value |
|---|---|
| Haemoglobin | 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl |
| White Blood Cells | 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l |
| Platelets | 150 – 450 x 109/l |
| MCV | 80 – 96 fl |
| MCHC | 32 – 36 g/dl |
| Neutrophils | 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l |
| Lymphocytes | 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l |
| Monocytes | 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l |
| Eosinophils | 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l |
| Basophils | < 0.2 x 109/l |
| Reticulocytes | < 2% |
| Haematocrit | 0.35 – 0.49 |
| Red Cell Distribution Width | 11 – 15% |
| Blood Gases | Normal Value |
|---|---|
| pH | 7.35 – 7.45 |
| pO2 | 11 – 14 kPa |
| pCO2 | 4.5 – 6.0 kPa |
| Base Excess | -2 – +2 mmol/l |
| Bicarbonate | 24 – 30 mmol/l |
| Lactate | < 2 mmol/l |
