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Final Score 87%

156
24

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Microbiology

Pathogens

Question 55 of 180

Regarding Streptococci species, which of the following statements is CORRECT:

Answer:

Streptococci species are a group of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive chain or pair forming cocci. They are catalase-negative, non-sporing, and non-motile. They may be alpha-haemolytic or beta-haemolytic.

Streptococcus Spp.

Microbiology / Pathogens / Streptococci and Staphylococci

Last Updated: 21st April 2019

Streptococcus Pyogenes

Microorganism Streptococcus Pyogenes
Gram stain Gram positive
Shape Cocci (chains)
Catalase Negative
Oxygen requirements Facultative anaerobe
Haemolysis Beta-haemolytic (Group A)
Additional features Produces haemolytic exotoxin
Reservoir Skin and nasopharynx
Common diseases Acute tonsillitis, skin & soft tissue infections, necrotising fasciitis
Toxin-mediated reactions Scarlet fever, toxic shock syndrome
Post infectious immune-mediated reactions Rheumatic fever, erythema nodosum, acute glomerulonephritis

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Microorganism Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Gram stain Gram positive
Shape Cocci (diplococci)
Catalase Negative
Oxygen requirements Facultative anaerobe
Haemolysis Alpha-haemolytic
Additional features Encapsulated
Reservoir Nasopharynx
Common diseases Pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis, otitis media, cellulitis, deep abscesses

Streptococcus Viridans

Microorganism Streptococcus Viridans
Gram stain Gram positive
Shape Cocci (chains)
Catalase Negative
Oxygen requirements Facultative anaerobe
Haemolysis Alpha-haemolytic
Additional features /
Reservoir Mouth
Common diseases Dental abscess, infective endocarditis

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l
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