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Date Completed: 04/09/2023
Page 1 of 19
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Anatomy of the Vertebral Canal
A 19 year old student presents to ED with a headache, fever and photophobia. You suspect meningitis and agree to observe your junior perform
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Carotid Sinus Massage
A 35 year old patient presents to ED with palpitations. ECG demonstrates a regular narrow-complex tachycardia. He has no adverse features. Y
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Movements of the Vertebral Column
Regarding the musculature of the vertebral column, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Layers of the Neck Fascia
Regarding the neck fascia, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin over the posterior temple and scalp anterior to the ear is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Layers of the Neck Fascia
A patient presents with a superficial laceration to the anterior triangle of the neck. Which of the following muscles is most likely affecte
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Function of the Temporalis Muscle
The temporalis muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Jugulodigastric Lymph Node
The jugulodigastric lymph node receives lymph drainage primarily from which of the following territories:
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Cartilages of the Larynx
The cricoid cartilage articulates with which of the following structures:
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Movements of the Atlantoaxial Joint
A 28 year old male was brought into ED by the police following a drunken brawl. He has been punched on his mandible, resulting in subluxatio
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Origin of the Superficial Temporal Artery
The superficial temporal artery is a branch of which of the following blood vessels:
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Anatomical Course of the Phrenic Nerve
A 31 year old male presents to ED with a penetrating wound to the neck. Imaging shows damage to the structure which runs down the neck on th
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Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity
Regarding the nasal cavities, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Attachments of the Masseter Muscle
The masseter muscle originates from which of the following structures:
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Ligaments of the Vertebral Column
Regarding the ligaments of the spinal column, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Anatomical Relations of the Thyroid Gland
A 34 year old woman presents to ED complaining of a hoarse voice. She underwent a thyroidectomy 2 weeks ago. Which of the following nerves w
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Attachments of the Temporalis Muscle
The temporalis muscles inserts onto which of the following structures:
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Function of the Occipitofrontalis Muscle
The occipitofrontalis muscle is responsible for which of the following:
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Assessment of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
A 29 year old male presents to ED with a penetrating injury to the neck. You suspect injury to the right sternocleidomastoid muscle. How wou
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Movements of the Temporomandibular Joint
Protraction of the mandible is produced primarily by which of the following muscles:
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Anatomical Relations of the Parotid Gland
Regarding the parotid glands, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Location of the Palatine Tonsil
A 18 year old presents to ED complaining of a sore throat and painful swallowing. On examination you note that his palatine tonsils are swol
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Function of the Anterior Scalene Muscle
The anterior scalene muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Anatomical Course of the Subclavian Artery
Regarding the subclavian artery, which of the following statement is INCORRECT:
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Movements of the Temporomandibular Joint
Elevation of the mandible is produced primarily by which of the following muscles:
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Suprahyoid vs Infrahyoid Muscles
Regarding the neck muscles, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Innervation of the Tongue
Taste from the posterior one-third of the tongue is carried by which of the following nerves:
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Key Anatomical Landmarks in Tracheotomy
The anaesthetist is attempting to intubate an unconscious patient who is unable to maintain their airway. The anaesthetist finds himself in
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Innervation of the Pharynx
The sensory innervation of the laryngopharynx is provided by which of the following nerves:
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Layers Penetrated During Lumbar Puncture
A 21 year old student is sent in to ED by his GP with suspected meningitis. You are about to perform a lumbar puncture. Which of the followi
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Innervation of the Occipitofrontalis Muscle
A patient presents complaining of earache. On examination you note the patient is unable to wrinkle their forehead. Which of the following n
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Anatomical Course of the Subclavian Vein
Regarding the subclavian vein, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Submental Lymph Nodes
A 65 year old female smoker, presents to ED with a 3 month history of an ulcerated lesion on the middle of her lower lip. Biopsy demonstrat
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Structure of the Hard Palate
The posterior one-quarter of the hard palate is formed by which of the following bones:
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Movements of the Temporomandibular Joint
Retraction of the mandible is produced by all of the following muscles, EXCEPT for:
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Attachments of the Masseter Muscle
The masseter muscle inserts onto which of the following structures:
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Structure of the Vocal Ligament
The vocal ligament is formed by which of the following structures:
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Structure of a Typical Vertebra
Regarding the vertebrae, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Temporalis Muscle
The temporalis muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin of the lower lip and chin is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
The lateral pterygoid acts to primarily produce which of the following movements:
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Structure of the Orbital Septum
A 56 year old diabetic man presents to ED with a fever and a painful swollen eye. You diagnose periorbital cellulitis. What anatomical struc
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Layers of the Neck Fascia
Regarding the neck fascia, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Parotid Gland
A 23 year old Polish man presents to ED with fever, headache and painful swollen parotid glands. You suspect mumps. Which of the following n
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Clinical Effects of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury
A 50 year old female patient presents to ED complaining of voice hoarseness. She underwent a thyroidectomy 2 weeks ago. What is the most lik
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Innervation of the External Nose
Regarding the external nose, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
The inferior oblique muscle acts to produce which of the following eyeball movements:
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Attachments of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
The sternocleidomastoid muscle inserts onto which of the following structures:
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Innervation of the Tongue
A patient presents to ED complaining of an altered taste sensation. Taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue is carried by
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Attachments of the Erector Spinae Muscles
A 28 year old climber falls from a steep rock wall and sustains significant injuries to his back. Imaging shows injuries that impinge on the
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Anatomy of the Lacrimal Apparatus
Regarding the lacrimal apparatus, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle
You are examining a patient who presented with facial weakness. You note weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle. The orbicularis oculi mus
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Innervation of the External Nose
A 45 year old man, who has previously sustained significant head trauma, presents to ED complaining of numbness over the tip of his nose. Wh
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Innervation of the Teeth
An 18 year old student presents to ED with dental pain. She is found to have tooth decay affecting one of the right lower molar teeth. Which
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Attachments of the Anterior Scalene Muscle
The anterior scalene muscle originates from which of the following structures:
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Innervation of the Pterygoid Muscles
The medial and lateral pterygoid muscles are innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Jugulodigastric Lymph Node
A 18 year old presents to ED with painful swollen exudative tonsils. You diagnose acute bacterial tonsillitis. Which of the following lymph
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Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerve Roots
A 65 year old with known breast cancer presents to ED complaining of back pain. Imaging shows metastases compressing the intervertebral fora
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
A 45 year old man presents to ED with Hutchinson's sign; a vesicular rash on the tip of the nose. You are concerned about the possibility of
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
You are testing the sensation of the face in a patient who presented with facial droop. Which of the following nerves supplies the skin abov
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Innervation of the Parotid Gland
Sensory innervation of the parotid gland is provided by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
The superior oblique muscle acts to produce which of the following eyeball movements:
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Function of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle
Which of the following muscles is responsible for opening the eye:
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Surface Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
In adults, the conus medullaris of the spinal cord lies at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Anatomical Boundaries of the Neck Triangles
Regarding the neck, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Surface Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx blends inferiorly with the trachea at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The area of skin over the prominence of the cheekbone is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Structures passing through the Parotid Gland
Which of the following structures does NOT pass through the parotid gland:
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Function of the Medial Pterygoid Muscle
The medial pterygoid primarily acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin of the lower central part of the forehead is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Masseter Muscle
The masseter muscle is primarily responsible for which of the following movements:
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
The lateral rectus muscle acts to produce which of the following eyeball movements:
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Submental Lymph Nodes
Which of the following best describe the territory of the lymphatic drainage of the submental lymph nodes:
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Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland
Regarding the thyroid gland, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Innervation of the Oral Cavity
Regarding the nerve supply of the oral cavity, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle
The stylopharyngeus muscle of the pharynx is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Anatomy of the Hard Palate
Regarding the hard palate, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Pharynx
The sensory innervation of the nasopharynx is provided by which of the following nerves:
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Attachments of the Temporalis Muscle
The temporalis muscle originates from which of the following structures:
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Openings of the Eustachian Tube
An 8 year old girl is brought to ED with a fever and a painful ear, which developed a few days after a sore throat. On examination you note
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Attachments of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
The two heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle originate from which of the following structures:
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Innervation of the Oral Cavity
Regarding the nerve supply of the oral cavity, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Veins of the Pterygoid Venous Plexus
Regarding the pterygoid venous plexus, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Origin of the Maxillary Artery
The maxillary artery arises from which of the following blood vessels:
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Anatomical Course of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Which of the following nerves curves under and behind the subclavian artery before ascending in the neck:
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Ligaments of the Vertebral Column
A 20 year old factory worker sustains a crush injury to her vertebral column whilst at work. Imaging shows swelling of the spinal cord. Wh
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Function of the Orbicularis Oris Muscle
The orbicularis oris muscle is responsible for which of the following:
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Clinical Significance of the Superior Cervical Ganglion
A 29 year old man is brought to ED having been involved in a road traffic collision in which he has sustained significant trauma to the head
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Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland
Regarding the thyroid gland, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Anatomy of the Intervertebral Disc
Regarding the intervertebral disc, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Surface Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
At birth, the conus medullaris of the spinal cord lies at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Contents of the Infratemporal Fossa
The content of the infratemporal fossa includes all of the following structures EXCEPT for:
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Innervation of the External Ear
Regarding the external ear, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Anatomy of the Vertebral Canal
Regarding the vertebral canal, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Clinical Features of Horner's Syndrome
Regarding Horner's syndrome, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Movements of the Eyeball
Depression of the eyeball is primarily produced by which of the following muscles:
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Anatomy of the Cervical Sympathetic Trunk
Regarding the cervical sympathetic trunk, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Parotid Gland
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibres are carried to the parotid gland by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Occipitofrontalis Muscle
The occipitofrontalis muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Jugulo-omohyoid Lymph Node
The jugulo-omohyoid lymph node receives lymph drainage primarily from which of the following territories:
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Development of the Paranasal Sinuses
Which of the following paranasal sinuses are present at birth:
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Innervation of the Masseter Muscle
The masseter muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Rupture of the Middle Meningeal Artery
A 29 year old male patient is brought into ED by the police. The man was found unconscious after a witnessed fight. The patient has signific
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Innervation of the Palatoglossus Muscle
The palatoglossus muscle of the tongue is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Laryngeal Muscles
The intrinsic laryngeal muscles (except for the cricothyroid) are primarily innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Development of the Paranasal Sinuses
Which of the following paranasal sinuses is the last to develop:
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Innervation of the Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle
The tensor veli palatini muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Anatomy of the Parotid Gland
Regarding the parotid gland, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle
The levator palpebrae superioris muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Orbital Floor Fracture with Inferior Rectus Entrapment
A 28 year old man presents to ED with pain and blurred vision after being hit in the eye with a fast-moving ball while playing squash. On fu
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin over the upper lip is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin of the upper forehead extending back to the middle of the scalp is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Soft Palate
The muscles of the soft palate (other than the tensor veli palatini) are innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Structure of the Hard Palate
The hard palate is formed anteriorly by which of the following bones:
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
A 21 year old female attends ED complaining of pain and blurred vision following trauma to her right eye. On examination, you note her right
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Roots of the Pterygopalatine Ganglion
A 28 year old woman complains of dryness of the nose and the palate. A lesion is most likely affecting which of the following ganglia:
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Movements of the Eyeballs
Elevation of the eyeball is primarily produced by which of the following muscles:
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Anatomy of the Temporomandibular Joint
Regarding the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin in the area of the lateral angle of the eye is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
A 49 year old man complains of pain and tingling over his chin and lower lip, which later developed into a vesicular rash. You diagnose shin
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
The medial rectus muscle acts to produce which of the following eyeball movements:
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Anatomical Course of the Facial Vein
Regarding the facial vein, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The area of skin over the anterior temple above the zygomatic arch is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Layers Penetrated During Lumbar Puncture
A 18 year old female is brought to ED with a fever, headache and neck stiffness. Meningitis is suspected, and your consultant asks you to pe
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Anatomy of the Paranasal Sinuses
Regarding the paranasal sinuses, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Layers Penetrated During Lumbar Puncture
A 21 year old presents to ED with a headache and neck stiffness. You are asked to perform a lumbar puncture. After penetrating the skin an
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Function of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
The sternocleidomastoid muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Innervation of the Tongue
General sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue is carried by which of the following nerves:
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Arteries of Kiesselbach's plexus
A 45 year old man presents to ED with an ongoing nose bleed. On examination you suspect the site of bleeding to be in Little's area. Which o
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Site of Emergency Cricothyroidotomy
A 18 year old man presents to ED with gross lip and tongue swelling and difficulty breathing. He has a known peanut allergy and had been ea
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Innervation of the Tongue
All of the muscles of the tongue (other than the palatoglossus) are innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Attachments of the Anterior Scalene Muscle
The anterior scalene muscle inserts onto which of the following structures:
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Innervation of the Parotid Gland
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to the parotid gland are carried by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Soft Palate
The soft palate receives its sensory innervation primarily from which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
The inferior rectus muscle acts to produce which of the following eyeball movements:
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Preauricular and Parotid Lymph Nodes
Which of the following best describe the territory of the lymphatic drainage of the preauricular and parotid lymph nodes:
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Innervation of the Superior Tarsal Muscle
The superior tarsal muscle is innervated by which of the following:
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Contents of the Optic Canal
A 29 year old woman presents to ED with a head injury following a climbing accident. Imaging shows that she has fractured the optic canal.
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Ligaments of the Vertebral Column
Regarding the ligaments of the spinal column, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Movements of the Temporomandibular Joint
Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in depression of the mandible:
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Surface Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
In adults the spinal cord usually ends at which vertebral level:
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Clinical Features of Horner's Syndrome
A 79 year old patient presents to ED complaining that his right eyelid is drooping shut and his right face feels particularly dry. You note
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Innervation of the Pharynx
The sensory innervation of the oropharynx is provided by which of the following nerves:
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Anatomical Course of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Regarding the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity
Regarding the nasal cavities, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is primarily innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Blood Supply of the Scalp
Regarding the blood supply of the scalp, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Innervation of the Pharyngeal Muscles
The muscles of the pharynx (other than the stylopharyngeus) are all innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Orbicularis Oris Muscle
The orbicularis oris muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Anterior Scalene Muscle
The anterior scalene muscle is innervated by which of the following:
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Function of the Orbital Muscles
The superior rectus muscle acts to produce which of the following eyeball movements:
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Jugulo-omohyoid Lymph Node
A 73 year old man presents to ED with a longstanding ulceration to the tip of his tongue. Biopsy demonstrates squamous cell carcinoma. Which
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
A 20 year old man presents to ED following an alleged assault with a laceration to the lower central part of the midline forehead. He requir
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Innervation of the Buccinator Muscle
The buccinator muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle
A patient presents to ED complaining that he is unable to close his right eye. Which of the following muscles is affected:
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Anatomy of the Middle Ear
Regarding the middle ear, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Submandibular Lymph Nodes
Submandibular lymph nodes drain lymph from all of the following regions EXCEPT for:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Face
The skin in the area of the medial angle of the eye and the bridge of the nose is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Innervation of the Tongue
Sensation from the posterior one-third of the tongue is carried by which of the following nerves:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Scalp
The skin over the scalp posterior to the ears and the vertex is supplied by:
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Function of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle
The orbicularis oculi muscle is responsible for which of the following:
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