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Date Completed: 22/06/2022
Page 1 of 18
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Blood Supply of the Colon
A 35 year old male is brought to ED with a knife wound. Imaging shows damage to the superior mesenteric artery. Which of the following struc
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Surface Anatomy of the Inferior Vena Cava
You are reviewing an abdominal x-ray of a patient with an inferior vena cava filter. The inferior vena cava leaves the abdomen passing throu
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Penis
The lymphatics of the glans penis drain primarily to which of the following lymph nodes:
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Compartments of the Peritoneal Cavity
A patient is brought to ED following abdominal trauma. Your consultant performs a FAST scan in the department and identifies fluid in Moriso
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Contents of the Inguinal Canal
Which of the following structures does NOT pass through the inguinal canal:
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Functional Anatomy of the Liver
The portal triad comprises all of the following structures EXCEPT for:
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Contents of the Rectus Sheath
A patient presents with a superficial stab wound to the rectus sheath. Which of the following muscles is contained within the rectus sheath:
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Direct vs Indirect Inguinal Hernia
A 59 year old male weightlifter presents to ED with a painful lump in his groin. Your consultant determines that he most likely has a direct
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Parts of the Duodenum
A 55 year old woman presents to ED complaining of abdominal pain and profuse vomiting. Imaging shows part of the bowel is being compressed b
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Intraperitoneal vs Retroperitoneal Organs
A patient is brought to ED following a road traffic collision. CT demonstrates retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Which of the following structure
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Surface Anatomy of the Duodenum
A patient presents to ED with stab wound to his abdomen. Imaging shows a duodenal injury. The first part of the duodenum lies at the level o
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Direct vs Indirect Inguinal Hernia
A 52 year old man awaiting surgery for a direct inguinal hernia presents to ED with strangulation. A direct inguinal hernia is due to weakne
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Lobes of the Prostate
A 75 year old man presents to ED in acute urinary retention. On examination you note the prostate feels hard and craggy. You suspect prostat
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Surface Anatomy of the Duodenum
The second part of the duodenum extends between which of the following vertebral levels:
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Blood Supply of the Jejunum and Ileum
The arterial supply to the jejunum and ileum is derived predominantly from which of the following:
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Levator Ani Muscle
A 65 year old lady complains of faecal incontinence. Dysfunction of which of the following structures is most likely a contributing factor t
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Blood Supply of Meckel's Diverticulum
A 22 year old man presents to ED with abdominal pain, vomiting and constipation. CTis suggestive of Meckel's diverticulum. The blood supply
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Anatomical Relations of the Hepatic Portal Vein
A 54 year old man presents to ED complaining of abdominal pain radiating to his back. Imaging shows a tumour at the neck of the pancreas. Wh
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Boundaries of the Inguinal Canal
The floor of the inguinal canal is formed primarily by which of the following structures:
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Anatomical Relations of the Duodenum
Which of the following best describes the relationship of the duodenum to the pancreas:
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Anatomical Factors Guarding Against Gastric Reflex
Which of the following is NOT an anatomical feature that prevents against gastric reflux:
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Compartments of the Peritoneal Cavity
Which of the following best describes the location of the omental bursa:
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Innervation of the Testis
Visceral afferent fibres from the testes usually travel to which of the following spinal cord levels:
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Blood Supply of the Colon
The arterial supply to the colon is derived predominantly from which of the following:
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Anatomy of the External Oblique Muscle
Regarding the external oblique muscle, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Zones of the Prostate
Which of the following areas of the prostate gland is the most commonly involved in prostatic hyperplasia:
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Anatomical Relations of the Gallbladder
A 45 year old overweight female, with known gallstones presents to ED complaining of severe right upper quadrant pain. Imaging shows that la
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Positions of the Appendix
Which of the following best describes the attachment of the base of the appendix:
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Surface Anatomy of the Ureter
The ureters enter the bladder and end at the level of which of the following landmarks:
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Zones of the Prostate
Which of the following areas of the prostate gland is most commonly involved in carcinomatous transformation:
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Surface Anatomy of the Abdominal Aorta
The abdominal aorta bifurcates into its terminal branches at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Compartments of the Peritoneal Cavity
A 49 year old known alcoholic presents to ED complaining of acute severe epigastric pain. X-ray shows pneumoperitoneum and further imaging d
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Anatomical Relations of the Ureter
A 49 year old female patient undergoes surgery for uterine cancer. Whilst attempting to ligate the uterine artery, the surgeon accidentally
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Positions of the Appendix
Which of the following is the most common position of the vermiform appendix:
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Innervation of the Anal Canal
The external anal sphincter is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Surface Anatomy of the Liver
Which of the following best describes the regions of the abdomen that the liver normally occupies:
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Structure of the Ejaculatory Duct
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of which of the following structures:
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Anatomical Relations of the Urinary Bladder
The female bladder lies immediately anterior to which of the following structures:
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Surface Anatomy of the Oesophagus
The abdominal oesophagus ends at the cardiac orifice of the stomach at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Surface Anatomy of the Inferior Vena Cava
The inferior vena cava is formed from the union of the two common iliac veins at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Surface Anatomy of the Kidney
A 29 year old rugby player presents to ED complaining of left flank pain. Imaging shows a fracture of the angle of the twelfth rib on the le
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Anatomical Relations of the Duodenum
A 65 year old man presents to ED complaining of abdominal pain and weight loss. Imaging shows a tumour anterior to the inferior vena cava. W
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Anatomy of the Transversus Abdominis Muscle
Regarding the transversus abdominis muscle, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Contents of the Spermatic Cord
The following structures are all found in the spermatic cord EXCEPT for the:
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Constrictions of the Ureter
Which of the following best describes the main sites of constriction of the ureters:
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Portosystemic Anastomosis
A 64 year old man is brought to ED with profuse haematemesis. Endoscopy shows oesophageal varices which are most likely the result of anasto
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Anatomical Relations of the Ureter
Within the pelvic cavity in women, the ureter is crossed anteriorly by which of the following structures:
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Parts of the Duodenum
The inferior vena cava lies posterior to which of the following parts of the duodenum:
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Anatomy of the Female Urethra
Regarding the female urethra, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Contents of the Rectus Sheath
The rectus sheath encloses all of the following structures except the:
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Innervation of the Colon
Visceral afferent fibres from the descending and sigmoid colon travel to which of the following spinal cord segments:
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Constrictions of the Ureter
A 55 year old woman presents to ED complaining of severe colicky loin to groin pain. Imaging shows renal calculi. At which of the following
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Deep vs Superficial Inguinal Ring
The deep inguinal ring is located at which of the following sites:
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Anal Canal
A 50 year old man complains of lumps in his groin and is found to have painless superficial inguinal lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy demo
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Anatomical Relations of the Prostate
Which of the following best describes the relationship of the prostate gland and rectum:
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Innervation of the Urinary Bladder
The bladder receives its efferent parasympathetic fibres derived from spinal cord segments:
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Anatomical Relations of the Uterus
Regarding the relations of the uterus, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Anal Canal
The lymph drainage of the anal canal above the pectinate line is initially to the:
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Surface Anatomy of the Abdominal Aorta
The aorta enters the abdomen at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Anatomy of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle
Regarding the rectus abdominis muscle, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Compartments of the Peritoneal Cavity
A 26 year old woman is brought to ED following a road traffic accident. Focussed assessment for sonography in trauma (FAST) on the supine pa
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Surface Anatomy of the Duodenum
The fourth part of the duodenum terminates at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Surface Anatomy of the Pancreas
The body of the pancreas lies at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Anatomical Relations of the Ovary
A 29 year old patient, with a known ovarian cyst presents to ED complaining of worsening pelvic pain and pain in the medial thigh region. Ir
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Surface Anatomy of the Gallbladder
The gallbladder occupies which of the following regions of the abdomen:
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Blood Supply of the Kidney
The renal arteries arise from the abdominal aorta at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Innervation of the Penis
Sensation to the skin over the penis is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Blood Supply of the Kidney
The renal arteries arise from the abdominal aorta just posterior to which of the following structures:
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Anatomical Relations of the Pancreas
A 75 year old man presents to ED complaining of abdominal pain radiating to his back, anorexia and weight loss. Imaging shows a large tumour
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Anatomical Relations of the Common Bile Duct
The common bile duct drains into the duodenum in which of the following regions:
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Dermatomal Supply of the Abdominal Wall
A 29 year old man with HIV presents to ED with a painful blistering rash that has erupted on the skin around the umbilicus. You diagnose shi
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Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
Which of the following best describes the relationship of the psoas major and quadratus lumborum muscles:
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Contents of the Inguinal Canal
A 21 year old man presents to ED complaining of groin pain. Examination reveals an indirect inguinal hernia. Which of the following nerves i
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Contents of the Spermatic Cord
The following structures are all found in the spermatic cord except for the:
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Anatomical Relations of the Urinary Bladder
The male bladder lies immediately anterior to which of the following structures:
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Anatomical Relations of the Ureter
On their descent the ureters cross anteriorly to which of the following important structures:
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Abdomen
The pre-aortic lymph nodes receive lymph from all of the following structures EXCEPT for the:
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Anal Canal
A 69 year old man presents to ED complaining of rectal bleeding. Examination reveals a tumour below the pectinate line. Which of the followi
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Intraperitoneal vs Retroperitoneal Organs
Which of the following structures is NOT retroperitoneal:
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Surface Anatomy of the Jejunum and Ileum
The ileum predominantly occupies which region of the abdomen:
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Compartments of the Peritoneal Cavity
The infracolic compartment is divided into right and left spaces by which of the following structures:
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Structure of the Biliary Tree
The union of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct forms which of the following:
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Innervation of the Pancreas
A patient presents to ED with acute pancreatitis. Pain from the pancreas is typically referred to the dermatomes supplied by which of the fo
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Innervation of the Ovary
The ovarian visceral afferent fibres usual follow sympathetic efferents to spinal cord segments:
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Anatomical Relations of the Rectum
Regarding the rectum, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Blood Supply of the Uterus
The uterus receives its blood supply primarily from which of the following blood vessels:
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Structure of the Inguinal Ligament
The inguinal ligament spans between which of the following two structures:
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Anatomical Relations of the Kidney
The kidneys are related posteriorly to all of the following structures EXCEPT for the:
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Functional Anatomy of the Kidney
The renal pelvis is continuous distally with which of the following structures:
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Parts of the Male Urethra
Which of the following parts of the male urethra passes through the urogenital diaphragm:
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Lobes of the Prostate
A 66 year old man presents to ED complaining of difficulty passing urine and nocturia. On examination you note the prostate is enlarged and
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Surface Anatomy of the Colon
The sigmoid colon extends as low as which of the following vertebral levels:
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Mesenteries of the Peritoneal Cavity
The mesentery connects which of the following structures to the posterior abdominal wall:
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Function of the Quadratus Lumborum Muscle
The quadratus lumborum muscle contributes to which of the following movements:
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Surface Anatomy of the Kidney
The lowest portion of the inferior pole of the kidneys occurs around the level of:
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Blood Supply of the Colon
A 72 year old man presents to ED with severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Imaging shows occlusion of the inferior mesenteric artery. Which
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Surface Anatomy of the Duodenum
The third part of the duodenum lies at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Innervation of the Peritoneum
Irritation of the central part of the diaphragmatic peritoneum is typically referred to:
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Surface Anatomy of the Kidney
The superior pole of the right kidney reaches as high as which of the following posteriorly:
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Structure of the Lumbar Plexus
The lumbar plexus is formed predominantly from the anterior rami of:
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Anatomical Relations of the Ureter
Regarding the ureters, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Gallbladder
A 45 year old overweight patient presents to ED complaining of fever and severe right upper quadrant pain. The pain radiates to her right sh
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Parts of the Male Urethra
In men, the external urethral sphincter surrounds which of the following structures:
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Blood Supply of the Jejunum and Ileum
A 79 year old patient, with a history of AF, presents to ED complaining of sudden onset severe abdominal pain. Imaging shows occlusion of th
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Innervation of the Rectum
A patient with known inflammatory bowel disease presents to ED complaining of severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Imaging shows a flare up
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Surface Anatomy of the Spleen
Posteriorly the spleen lies in the region of which of the following:
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Lobes of the Liver
The liver is divided into the left and right lobes by which of the following structures:
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Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
Which of the following muscles lies adjacent to the lateral border of the quadratus lumborum muscle:
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Anatomical Relations of the Liver
Which of the following structures is not related to the visceral surface of the liver:
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Abdomen
The lumbar para-aortic lymph nodes receive lymph from all of the following structures EXCEPT the:
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Anatomical Relations of the Spleen
A 19 year old male is brought to ED having sustained a handlebar injury with blunt trauma to his upper abdomen whilst riding his scooter. Wh
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Testis
A 29 year patient presents to ED complaining of a painless lump in his scrotum. Imaging shows a tumour affecting the scrotum but sparing the
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Anatomical Relations of the Prostate
Which of the following best describes the relationship of the bladder and prostate gland:
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Surface Anatomy of the Abdominal Aorta
The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Surface Anatomy of the Kidney
The highest point of the hila of the kidneys lies at which of the following vertebral levels:
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Structure of the Biliary Tree
A 65 year old woman presents to ED complaining of fever, right upper quadrant pain, and jaundice. Imaging shows an obstructing gallstone. Wh
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Anatomical Relations of the Kidney
The left kidney is related anteriorly to all of the following structures EXCEPT for the:
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Blood Supply of the Ovary
The ovaries are supplied by the ovarian arteries, branches of which of the following:
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Anatomical Relations of the Kidney
The right kidney is related anteriorly to all of the following structures EXCEPT for the:
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Deep vs Superficial Inguinal Ring
The superficial inguinal ring is located at which of the following sites:
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Boundaries of the Inguinal Canal
The roof of the inguinal canal is formed primarily by which of the following structures:
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Attachments of the Psoas Major Muscle
The psoas major muscle attaches distally to which of the following:
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Blood Supply of the Stomach
The stomach receives its blood supply primarily from which of the following arteries:
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Innervation of the Urinary Tract
A 70 year old undergoes radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Postoperatively he complains of urinary incontinence due to paralysis of
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Innervation of the Stomach
Which of the following nerves transmits the parasympathetic supply to the stomach:
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Innervation of the Quadratus Lumborum Muscle
The quadratus lumborum muscle is innervated by which of the following:
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Blood Supply of the Pancreas
The blood supply to the pancreas is primarily from which of the following arteries:
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Anatomical Relations of the Prostate
Which of the following structures lies immediately posterior to the prostate gland:
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Function of the Iliacus Muscle
The iliacus muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Surface Anatomy of the Kidney
The superior pole of the left kidney reaches as high as which of the following posteriorly:
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Innervation of the Jejunum and Ileum
Pain in the jejunum and ileum is typically referred to which of the following regions:
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Structure of the Hepatic Portal Vein
The hepatic portal vein is formed from the union of which of the following veins:
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Structure of the Uterine Tube
Regarding the uterine tubes, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Boundaries of the Inguinal Canal
The posterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed primarily by which of the following structures:
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Intraperitoneal vs Retroperitoneal Organs
A 36 year old male is brought into ED complaining of fever, abdominal pain and tenderness. Imaging shows that an abdominal infection has spr
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Innervation of the Psoas Major Muscle
The psoas major muscle is innervated by which of the following:
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Function of the Psoas Major Muscle
The psoas major muscles acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Portosystemic Anastomosis
A 64 year old man with known liver cirrhosis secondary to chronic alcohol abuse presents to ED vomiting profuse bright red blood. Endoscopy
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Ligaments of the Pelvis
The sacrotuberous ligament spans between which of the following structures:
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Lymphatic Drainage of the Scrotum
A 41 year old man presents to ED with a painful, infected abscess on the posterior aspect of the scrotum. Which of the following lymph node
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Deep vs Superficial Inguinal Ring
The deep inguinal ring is an 'opening' in which of the following structures:
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Compartments of the Peritoneal Cavity
The greater sac of the peritoneal cavity is divided into two compartments by which of the following structures:
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Fascia of the Spermatic Cord
A 40 year old man is undergoing a vasectomy. During the procedure the various layers of the spermatic cord are separated to expose the ductu
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Intraperitoneal vs Retroperitoneal Organs
Which of the following structures is NOT retroperitoneal:
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Fascia of the Kidney
A 79 year old man presents to ED complaining of fever and left sided abdominal and back pain. Imaging reveals a large perinephric abscess. W
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Anatomical Relations of the Duodenum
Which of the following lies immediately medial to the second part of the duodenum:
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Nerves of the Lumbar Plexus
The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervates which of the following:
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Deep vs Superficial Inguinal Ring
The superficial inguinal ring is an 'opening' in which of the following structures:
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Anatomy of the Internal Oblique Muscle
Regarding the internal oblique muscle, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Innervation of the Uterus
The uterine visceral afferent fibres usually follow sympathetic efferents to which of the following spinal cord segments:
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Parts of the Male Urethra
In men, the internal urethral sphincter surrounds which of the following structures:
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Parts of the Male Urethra
Regarding the male urethra, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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