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Anatomy

Upper Limb

Question 20 of 180

You are reviewing a 32 year old builder who has fallen on site and sustained fracture of the proximal humerus. Your consultant is concerned about an injury to the circumflex humeral artery. The circumflex humeral arteries arise from which of the following arteries:

Answer:

The circumflex humeral arteries arise from the axillary artery.

Humeral Circumflex Arteries

Anatomy / Upper Limb / Axilla

Last Updated: 25th January 2019

The circumflex humeral arteries arise from the axillary artery, encircle the surgical neck of the humerus and give off branches supplying the shoulder. The humeral circumflex arteries may be damaged by fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus or by shoulder dislocation.

By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Humeral Circumflex Arteries (anterior). (Image by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Humeral Circumflex Arteries (posterior). (Image by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

 

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l

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