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Anatomy

Lower Limb

Question 97 of 157

A 45 year old woman presents to the ED with a painful swelling in her right groin. She is known to use intravenous drugs and last injected a few hours ago. Imaging has shown a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm within the femoral sheath. The femoral sheath originates from which of the following structures:

Answer:

The femoral sheath originates as a prolongation of extraperitoneal fascia and encloses the femoral artery, femoral vein and associated lymphatic vessels (contained within the femoral canal).

Femoral Sheath

Anatomy / Lower Limb / Femoral Triangle

Last Updated: 25th January 2019

The femoral sheath originates as a prolongation of extraperitoneal fascia and encloses the femoral artery, femoral vein and femoral canal. The femoral nerve does NOT lie within the sheath, but instead lies lateral to it.

The femoral sheath terminates inferiorly by blending with the adventitia of the femoral vessels approximately 4 cm inferior of the inguinal ligament.

By Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Femoral Sheath Open to Reveal Contents: Femoral Artery, Femoral Vein and Femoral Canal (Image by Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)

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  • Biochemistry
  • Blood Gases
  • Haematology
Biochemistry Normal Value
Sodium 135 – 145 mmol/l
Potassium 3.0 – 4.5 mmol/l
Urea 2.5 – 7.5 mmol/l
Glucose 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/l
Creatinine 35 – 135 μmol/l
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 5 – 35 U/l
Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) < 65 U/l
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 30 – 135 U/l
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) < 40 U/l
Total Protein 60 – 80 g/l
Albumin 35 – 50 g/l
Globulin 2.4 – 3.5 g/dl
Amylase < 70 U/l
Total Bilirubin 3 – 17 μmol/l
Calcium 2.1 – 2.5 mmol/l
Chloride 95 – 105 mmol/l
Phosphate 0.8 – 1.4 mmol/l
Haematology Normal Value
Haemoglobin 11.5 – 16.6 g/dl
White Blood Cells 4.0 – 11.0 x 109/l
Platelets 150 – 450 x 109/l
MCV 80 – 96 fl
MCHC 32 – 36 g/dl
Neutrophils 2.0 – 7.5 x 109/l
Lymphocytes 1.5 – 4.0 x 109/l
Monocytes 0.3 – 1.0 x 109/l
Eosinophils 0.1 – 0.5 x 109/l
Basophils < 0.2 x 109/l
Reticulocytes < 2%
Haematocrit 0.35 – 0.49
Red Cell Distribution Width 11 – 15%
Blood Gases Normal Value
pH 7.35 – 7.45
pO2 11 – 14 kPa
pCO2 4.5 – 6.0 kPa
Base Excess -2 – +2 mmol/l
Bicarbonate 24 – 30 mmol/l
Lactate < 2 mmol/l
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