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Date Completed: 10/04/2023
Page 1 of 16
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Movements of the Hip Joint
You are examining the lower limbs of a 54 year old man who presented after falling from a ladder at home. During your neurological assessmen
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Function of the Popliteus Muscle
Which one of the following muscles is most important in 'unlocking' the knee from the extended position:
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Bursa of the Knee Joint
Which of the following knee bursae typically communicates with the synovial cavity of the knee joint:
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Innervation of the Obturator Externus Muscle
A 19 year old man self presents to the ED following a fight in a nearby street. He has sustained multiple stab wounds and lacerations to the
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Anatomical Course of the Popliteal Artery
A 67 year old man presents to the ED complaining of swelling to the posterior knee. On examination you note a pulsatile mass in popliteal f
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Function of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
A 43 year old man presents to the ED complaining of weakness at the right knee. On examination you note he is unable to extend the leg at th
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Clinical Effects of Deep Fibular Nerve Injury
A 28 year old man presents to hospital having injured his leg playing football. X-ray demonstrates fractures of both the tibia and fibula. T
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Bones of the Hip Joint
A 65 year old lady is brought to ED after falling off a ladder. The acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by dislocation of
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Function of the Piriformis Muscle
A 32 year old woman is brought to the ED after falling from a horse. Imaging shows multiple injuries to the pelvic region including transect
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Innervation of the Piriformis Muscle
A 32 year old woman is brought to the ED after falling from a horse. Imaging shows multiple injuries to the pelvic region including transect
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Articulations of the Hip Joint
An 85 year old man is brought to the ED complaining of fever and pain in his right hip. You suspect a septic arthritis of the right hip join
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Function of the Anterior Thigh Muscles
A 23 year old woman is brought to the Emergency Department after falling from a ride at an amusement park. Imaging has shown trauma to the s
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the dorsum of the foot is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Anatomical Course of the Femoral Nerve
A 34 year old man presents to the ED after sustaining multiple deep stab wounds during an altercation in a pub. Imaging has shown an injury
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Articulations of the Tarsal Bones
The cuneiform bones articulate with which of the following bones:
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Ligaments of the Ankle Joint
A 21 year old professional athlete sustains an inversion injury to her left ankle during the 800m. Which of the following ligaments is most
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Function of the Common Fibular Nerve
The common fibular nerve directly supplies which of the following areas of skin:
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Innervation of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle
The tibialis anterior muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Iliacus Muscle
A 25 year old man with haemophilia presents to the ED after falling onto his right hip. Plain x-ray reveals no bony injury. Concerned by his
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Movements of the Hip Joint
You are examining the lower limb of a 54 year old man who presented after falling from a ladder at home. During your neurological assessment
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Site of Gluteal Intramuscular Injection
A patient presents to ED for treatment having been informed by the GUM clinic that he has tested positive for gonorrhoea. You administer int
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
The L4 dermatome is best tested at which of the following landmarks:
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Innervation of the Anterior Leg Muscles
The muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg are all innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Movements of the Ankle Joint
A 23 year old dancer presents to ED after falling and injuring her left foot. X-ray demonstrates a fracture involving the ankle joint. Which
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Bones of the Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Which of the following bones does NOT help to form the lateral longitudinal arch:
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Innervation of the Pectineus Muscle
Imaging of a patient who has been involved in a car accident has shown damage to the nerve supplying the pectineus muscle. Which of the foll
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Function of the Femoral Nerve
You form part of the trauma team caring for a roofer who fell approximately 7 metres from a roof, landing across a beam. Imaging of the spin
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Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa
A 67 year old man presents to the ED complaining of pain and swelling to the posterior knee. On examination you note a tender swelling in th
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Clinical Effects of Femoral Nerve Injury
A 28 year old man was involved in a road traffic accident, and subsequently complained of weakness in extending his leg at the knee joint. F
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Function of the Deep Fibular Nerve
The deep fibular nerve supplies which of the following areas of skin:
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Boundaries of the Femoral Triangle
You are discussing clinically relevant lower limb anatomy with a group of medical students. The femoral triangle is an important, clinically
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Anatomy of the Patella
You are performing a full neurological examination on a patient who presented with weakness of her left leg. The tendon of which of the foll
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
You are examining a 38 year old woman who presents with lower back pain associated with bilateral sciatica. On examination you note loss of
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Innervation of the Hamstring Muscles
You form part of the trauma team caring for a motorcyclist who was involved in a collision with a van. You receive a phone call from the on-
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Anatomy of the Ankle Joint
Regarding the ankle joint, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:
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Anatomical Factors Preventing Lateral Patellar Draw
A 17 year old man has dislocated his left patella during a rugby match. Which of the following muscles should the physiotherapist focus on i
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Function of the Superficial Fibular Nerve
The superficial fibular nerve innervates which of the following muscles:
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
The S2 dermatome is best tested at which of the following landmarks:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the medial side and sole of heel is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Palpation of the Dorsalis Pedis Artery
You are demonstrating a vascular examination to group of medical students. The dorsalis pedis artery pulse is best palpated at which of t
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Function of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle
An unknown male is brought into the department after being struck by a lorry whilst crossing the road. Imaging shows extensive injuries in t
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Blood Supply of the Hip Joint
An 83 year old woman is brought to ED following a fall in which she has sustained posterior dislocation and fracture of the neck of femur. A
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Clinical Effects of Deep Fibular Nerve Injury
Which of the following would you NOT expect from a deep fibular nerve palsy:
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Boundaries of the Femoral Ring
A 87 year old woman presents to the ED after her carers noted she was complaining of pain in the right groin. On examination you note a tend
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Assessment of the Medial Thigh Muscles
A patient presents with lower limb weakness. After a thorough examination, you suspect an injury to the muscles of the medial compartment of
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Ligaments of the Knee Joint
The oblique popliteal ligament is an extension of which of the following muscles:
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Function of the Popliteus Muscle
Contraction of the popliteus muscle in initiation of knee flexion produces which of the following actions:
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
A 23 year old horse rider is brought to the ED following a fall during a show jumping competition. She complains of pain in her lumbar spine
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Assessment of the Hamstring Muscles
A 21 year old man presents to the ED after sustaining multiple deep lacerations to the posterior thigh during a fight. You suspect an injury
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Screw Home Mechanism of the Knee Joint
The 'screw home' mechanism involved in locking of the knee joint refers to which of the following actions:
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Boundaries of the Femoral Ring
A 87 year old woman presents to the ED after her carers noted she was complaining of pain in the right groin. On examination you note a tend
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Clinical Effects of Tibial Nerve Injury
A 21 year old man sustains an injury to his left leg during a judo match. He is complaining of loss of sensation over the sole of his foot
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Articulations of the Tarsal Bones
The navicular bone articulates with all of the following bones except for the:
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
A 27 year old woman presents to the Emergency Department complaining of progressive weakness in her lower limbs following a recent episode o
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Contents of the Femoral Triangle
A 45 year old man is brought to the ED after sustaining a knife wound to the left groin in a fight. Your consultant is concerned about traum
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Structure of the Spring Ligament
While performing an examination of a 40 year old male patient who complains of pain in his foot, you notice an abnormality. His foot is di
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Innervation of the Sartorius Muscle
A 27 year old footballer presents with pain on flexion and lateral rotation of the hip and flexion of the knee. You suspect a sartorius musc
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Origin of the Femoral Artery
A 35 year old woman presents to the Emergency Department with a painful swelling in her left groin. She is an intravenous drug user who regu
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Boundaries of the Femoral Triangle
You have been asked to perform an arterial blood gas collection from a patient's femoral artery. The femoral triangle is bordered medially b
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Function of the Hamstring Muscles
A 32 year old man presents to the ED after sustaining multiple stab wounds to the right thigh during an altercation in a pub. Imaging has sh
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Innervation of the Fibularis Brevis Muscle
The fibularis brevis muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Surface Anatomy of the Femoral Nerve
A 83 year old lady has sustained a distal femur fracture from a fall down stairs. Your consultant wishes to administer a femoral nerve block
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the webspace between the 1st and 2nd toe is supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the sole of the foot is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Fibularis Brevis Muscle
A 21 year old gang member presents to ED having been shot in the foot. Imaging shows severe damage to the base of the fifth metatarsal with
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Innervation of the Posterior Leg Muscles
The muscles of the posterior leg are all innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Movements of the Hip Joint
You are examining the lower limbs of a 54 year old man who presented after falling from a ladder at home. During your neurological assessmen
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Function of the Superficial Fibular Nerve
A 32 year old landscape gardener has an accident with his tools at work. He sustains a deep laceration that severs the superficial fibular n
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Clinical Effects of Superior Gluteal Nerve Injury
A 28 year old man is brought into ED following a motorcycle accident where his left lower limb was caught beneath the bike, and stabilised i
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Clinical Effects of Obturator Nerve Injury
A 63 year old woman with advanced ovarian malignancy presents to ED complaining of weakness of her left leg while walking. Examination revea
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Origin of the Common Fibular Nerve
The common fibular nerve receives nerve fibres from which of the following nerve roots:
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Innervation of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle
You have been asked to give a teaching session to a group of medical students regarding the anatomy of the hip and gluteal region. As part o
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Clinical Effects of Tibial Nerve Injury
A 54 year old woman presents to ED complaining of pain and swelling behind her knee, and difficulty walking. Imaging shows a large cyst in t
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the medial leg is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Function of the Femoral Nerve
You form part of the trauma team caring for a roofer who fell approximately 7 metres from a roof, landing across a beam. Imaging of the spin
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Function of the Hamstring Muscles
A 32 year old man presents to the ED after sustaining multiple stab wounds to the right thigh during an altercation in a pub. Imaging has sh
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Function of the Adductor Muscles
A 32 year old builder is brought to the ED after falling through a glass sky light onto the floor below. A primary survey has been performed
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Function of the Spring Ligament
A 22 year old man has injured his right foot in an ice-skating accident. X-ray demonstrates an inferior displacement of the head of the tal
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Function of the Obturator Nerve
A 43 year old window cleaner is brought to the ED after falling from a 5 metre platform. Imaging has shown multiple vertebral fractures and
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Clinical Effects of Tibial Nerve Injury
Which of the following clinical features would you NOT expect to see in a tibial nerve palsy:
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Innervation of the Iliacus Muscle
You are assessing a 76 year old woman who presents with weakness to the left hip following a fall. She is pain free. On examination she has
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Clinical Effects of Common Fibular Nerve Injury
A 49 year old man presents to ED complaining of weakness in his foot. As you call him into a cubicle you note he has foot drop when he is wa
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Origin of the Tibial Nerve
The tibial nerve receives nerve fibres from which of the following nerve roots:
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
A 45 year old tree surgeon is brought into the ED following a fall from approximately 5 metres. A full trauma primary survey has been perfor
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
A 65 year old man presents to the ED complaining of loss of sensation over the lateral thigh. This area is primarily supplied by which of th
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
The L5 dermatome is best tested at which of the following landmarks:
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Ligaments of the Knee Joint
A 30 year old male was hit by a car in his lateral knee joint region. His knee was in extension when struck. Which of the following structur
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Articulations of the Knee Joint
Which of the following bones are involved in articulations at the knee joint:
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Anatomical Relations of the Femoral Ring
A 49 year old overweight female presents to ED complaining of a lump in her groin. You examine the patient and diagnose a femoral hernia. Wh
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Clinical Effects of Tibial Nerve Injury
A 34 year old farmer has sustained a deep laceration to the popliteal fossa and damaged the nerve which lies more medially. Which of the fol
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Articulations of the Tarsal Bones
The talus bone articulates with which of the following tarsal bones:
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Movements of the Hip Joint
A 42 year old man presents to ED following a hip injury. On examination you note weak lateral rotation. Which of the following muscles is mo
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Movements of the Foot Joints
Which of the following nerves is most important for eversion of the foot:
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Ligaments of the Ankle Joint
Regarding the collateral ligaments of the ankle joint, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Function of the Obturator Nerve
A 43 year old window cleaner is brought to the ED after falling from a 5 metre platform. Imaging has shown multiple vertebral fractures and
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Structure of the Femoral Sheath
A 45 year old woman presents to the ED with a painful swelling in her right groin. She is known to use intravenous drugs and last injected a
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Function of the Deep Fibular Nerve
Which one of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the deep fibular nerve:
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Ligaments of the Ankle Joint
A 19 year old professional athlete presents to ED having injured his right foot during training. There is bruising and swelling over the med
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Clinical Effects of Common Fibular Nerve Injury
A 21 year old man presents to ED complaining of numbness over the dorsum of his left foot and inability to dorsiflex or evert his foot. He h
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Contents of the Femoral Sheath
A 53 year old man presents to the ED after falling from a horse onto a fence. Imaging has shown trauma to the contents of the left femoral s
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Ligaments of the Hip Joint
A 76 year old woman present to the ED after feeling in a "pop" in her right hip. She recently underwent a right total hip replacement, you s
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Movements of the Ankle Joint
Which of the following nerves is most important for dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint:
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Menisci of the Knee Joint
A 28 year old presents to the ED after sustaining a right knee injury whilst skiing. You examine the knee and suspect a medial meniscal inju
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Boundaries of the Femoral Ring
A 87 year old woman presents to the ED after her carers noted she was complaining of pain in the right groin. On examination you note a tend
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Anatomical Relations of the Femoral Canal
A 74 year old woman presents to the ED complaining of a painful swelling in her left groin. She has been examined by your consultant who sus
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Function of the Pectineus Muscle
A patient complains of pain in the hip region following a fall. Imaging has shown a traumatic injury to the pectineus muscle. The pectineus
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Articulations of the Knee Joint
Which of the following synovial joint types best describes the knee joint:
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Anatomy of the Hip Joint
A 76 year old woman present to the ED after feeling in a "pop" in her right hip. She recently underwent a right total hip replacement, you s
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Articulations of the Tarsal Bones
The calcaneus bone articulates with which of the following bones:
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Innervation of the Gluteus Minimus Muscle
You are performing a thorough neurological examination of a 67 year old female patient. You note marked wasting of the left hip and thigh mu
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Function of the Hamstring Muscles
A 21 year old man presents to the ED after sustaining multiple deep lacerations to the posterior thigh during a fight. You suspect an injury
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
A 21 year old man dropped a knife which penetrated the dorsum of his foot. He complains of loss of sensation over the webspace between the 1
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Function of the Tibial Nerve
Which of the following best describes the cutaneous innervation of the tibial nerve and its branches:
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Innervation of the Popliteus Muscle
The popliteus muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Layers of the Sole of the Foot
The plantar arteries and nerves lie within which of the muscular layers of the sole of the foot:
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Attachments of the Popliteus Muscle
Which of the following muscle tendons enters the joint capsule of the knee:
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Function of the Gastrocnemius Muscle
The gastrocnemius muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Clinical Effects of Femoral Nerve Injury
A 54 year old man presents to ED complaining of leg weakness. Your colleague has examined the patient and suspects femoral nerve palsy. Whic
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Arches of the Foot
Which of the following structures primarily supports the lateral longitudinal arch rather than the medial longitudinal arch of the foot:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
A 54 year old man presents to the ED complaining of a numbness over the posterior thigh. The skin in this area is primarily supplied by whic
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Components of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
A 27 year old woman has sustained an injury to her quadriceps femoris muscle group after falling through a glass door. Which of the followin
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Movements of the Foot Joints
Which of the following nerves are most important for inversion of the foot:
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Contents of the Popliteal Fossa
A 67 year old man presents to the ED complaining of pain and swelling to the posterior knee. On examination you note a tender swelling in th
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Palpation of the Posterior Tibial Artery
You are performing a vascular examination on a patient with suspected claudication. The posterior tibial artery pulse is best palpated at w
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Blood Supply of the Hip Joint
A 75 year old lady slips on a wet bathroom floor and presents to ED with her left leg shortened and externally rotated. Imaging demonstrates
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Anatomical Course of the Great Saphenous Vein
A 65 year old woman presents to the ED with a tender left leg. She has been assessed by your Consultant colleague who feels she may have thr
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
A 75 year old woman presents to the ED complaining of a loss of sensation to the skin over the anterior thigh. This area is primarily suppl
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Ligaments of the Knee Joint
A 23 year old professional footballer is brought to hospital after injuring his left leg in a tackle, where lateral force was applied to his
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Function of the Gluteal Muscles
A 45 year old man sustains a gunshot wound to the gluteal region. During rehabilitation he complains of weakness abducting and medially rota
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Ligaments of the Knee Joint
A patient presents to ED following a road traffic collision where they sustained a large force to their flexed leg against the dashboard. On
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Attachments of the Fibularis Brevis Muscle
A 24 year old hockey player presents to hospital having injured her left foot. X-ray demonstrates an avulsion fracture of the tuberosity of
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Clinical Effects of Deep Fibular Nerve Injury
A patient receives a deep laceration to his left leg while trying to escape an angry farmer through a barbed-wire fence. He is unable to dor
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Function of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle
The tibialis posterior muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Function of the Fibularis Longus Muscle
The fibularis longus muscle acts to produce which of the following movements:
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Clinical Effects of Obturator Nerve Injury
You are giving a teaching session to a group of final year medical students regarding lower limb neurology. Which of the following clinical
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Origin of the Obturator Nerve
A 43 year old window cleaner is brought to the ED after falling from a 5 metre platform. Imaging has shown multiple vertebral fractures and
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Innervation of the Adductor Muscles
A 32 year old builder is brought to the ED after falling through a glass sky light onto the floor below. A primary survey has been performed
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Clinical Effects of Obturator Nerve Injury
A 21 year old male is involved in a road traffic collision and sustains a pelvic fracture. In rehabilitation it is noted that he has an inab
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Movements of the Hip Joint
You are examining the lower limbs of a 54 year old man who presented after falling from a ladder at home. During your neurological assessmen
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Function of the Sartorius Muscle
A 24 year old athlete presents to ED complaining of pain in his hip with a limp. He reports that he was performing the 100m sprint when he
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Function of the Posterior Leg Muscles
The muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg collectively act together to primarily produce which of the following movements:
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Function of the Common Fibular Nerve
The common fibular nerve directly innervates which of the following muscles:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the upper lateral leg is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Articulations of the Ankle Joint
Which of the following synovial joint types best describes the ankle joint:
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Cutaneous Innervation of the Lower Limb
The skin over the lower anterolateral leg is primarily supplied by which of the following nerves:
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Movements of the Foot Joints
A 28 year old woman is unable to invert her foot after sustaining an injury to her leg playing water-polo. Which of the following nerves are
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Contents of the Popliteal Fossa
A 26 year old male has sustained a stab wound to the popliteal fossa and has injured the most lateral structure within this region. Which o
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Movements of the Ankle Joint
Which of the following nerves is most important for plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint:
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Bones of the Medial Longitudinal Arch
Which of the following bones does not help to form the medial longitudinal arch:
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Dermatomal Supply of the Lower Limb
You have been asked to teach a group of medical students about neurological examination of the lower limbs. The L3 dermatome is best tested
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Function of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
A 23 year old rugby player presents to the ED complaining of ongoing thigh pain following a match 3 days ago. Imaging has been arranged whic
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Innervation of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle
The tibialis posterior muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves:
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Attachments of the Fibularis Brevis Muscle
The fibularis brevis muscle attaches distally to which of the following structures:
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Layers of the Sole of the Foot
The long flexor tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus muscles lie within which of the muscular layers of the sol
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Origin of the Femoral Nerve
You form part of the trauma team caring for a roofer who fell approximately 7 metres from a roof, landing across a beam. Imaging of the spin
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