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Date Completed: 30/03/2023
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Causative Agents of Infective Endocarditis
A 28 year old patient, known to be an IV drug user, presents to ED with a one month history of fever, night sweats and malaise, and is note
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Anatomical Barriers to Infection
Which of the following is NOT an anatomical barrier to infection:
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis all colonise the upper respiratory tract and can spread from the
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Management of Acute Otitis Media
A 3 year old child is brought into ED complaining of pain in his left ear ongoing now for about a week. He is irritable and feverish tugging
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Causative Agents of Myocarditis
A 45 year old lady presents to ED with malaise and severe breathlessness on exertion and lying down. About 2 weeks ago she suffered from a f
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Microbial Mechanisms of Attachment
An elderly patient presents to ED with fever, cough, coryza, and systemic features of malaise and myalgia. Your consultant suspects influenz
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Clinical Features of Pneumonia
A 71 year old man is diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia. He is confused. He has a BP of 110/70 mmHg, a HR of 120 bpm, a RR of 25 br
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Causative Agents of Acute Epiglottitis
A 4 year old girl is brought into ED unwell with a fever of 38°C and stridor which have developed over the last 12 hours. She is drooling a
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Spread of Infection
Which of the following microbes is typically spread via aerosolisation of water supplies:
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Management of Septic Arthritis
A 65 year old man presents to ED with a fever and a 24 hour history of a red, hot, swollen painful knee which he is reluctant to move due to
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Cell Staining in Microscopy
Smear microscopy with Ziehl-Neelsen stain is used for diagnosis of which of the following diseases:
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Management of Osteomyelitis
A 45 year old known intravenous drug user presents to ED with a fever complaining of pain over his big toe which has been getting worse over
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
Which of the following microbes secretes an IgA protease that degrades host immunoglobulin:
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Microbial Mechanisms of Attachment
Which of the following microbes adheres to the genital mucosa using fimbriae:
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Prevention of Hospital Acquired Infection
Regarding control of hospital acquired infection (HAI), which of the following statements is CORRECT:
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Management of Urinary Tract Infection
A 21 year old female presents to ED complaining of a 2 day history of dysuria and urinary frequency. Urine dipstick shows leucocytes ++, nit
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
A patient presenting to ED with sepsis is found to have Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Which of the following is a virulence factor of St
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Microbial Mechanisms of Attachment
A patient presents with a gastrointestinal infection. Which of the following microbes attaches to gut mucosa via a specialised sucking disc:
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Clinical Features of Encephalitis
A 19 year old patient is brought to ED with acute onset confusion, headache, and fever worsening over the past few days. You note a crusted
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Causative Agents of Urinary Tract Infection
You receive a urine culture report from the laboratory on a 45 year old patient who is a quadriplegic with an indwelling urinary tract cathe
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Clinical Features of Mycoplasma Pneumonia
A 29 year old man presents to ED feeling unwell with a one week history of malaise, myalgia, headache and fever with a dry cough. Over the l
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Causative Agents of Infective Endocarditis
A patient with known cardiac valve disease presents to ED with fever and shortness of breath worsening over the past 2 weeks. On examination
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Causative Agents of Neonatal Meningitis
A one week old infant is brought to ED unwell. She is pyrexic, floppy and unresponsive with a bulging fontanelle. Empirical antibiotics are
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Clinical Features of Encephalitis
A 50 year old woman present to ED complaining of a generalised headache over the last 24 hours which is getting worse, associated with a fev
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Management of Encephalitis
A 50 year old woman present to ED complaining of a generalised headache over the last 24 hours which is getting worse, associated with a fev
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Causative Agents of Osteomyelitis
A 45 year old man presented with fever and upper back pain. MRI imaging demonstrated inflammation of the T8 - T9 vertebral bodies consistent
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Clinical Features of Klebsiella Pneumonia
A 65 year old lady, with a history of chronic alcohol abuse, presents to ED with a fever, persistent cough and redcurrant jelly sputum. X-ra
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Principles of Investigation
A patient is sent in by his GP with suspected malaria. Which of the following investigations is most appropriate to confirm your suspected d
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Components of Normal Bacterial Flora
Which of the following is NOT typically present in intestinal flora:
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Prevention of Hospital Acquired Infection
A patient presents with severe diarrhoea following a course of antibiotics. C. difficile colitis is diagnosed. Which of the following is the
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Causative Agents of Bacterial Meningitis
A 20 year old student is brought into ED complaining of a severe headache associated with photophobia and fever. You identify a non-blanchin
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
Which of the following microbes causes red cell protein expression:
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Microbial Mechanisms of Attachment
Which of the following microbes attaches to host cells by its haemagglutinin antigen:
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Spread of Infection
Which of the following microbes is primarily transmitted via invasion of breached skin:
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Causative Agents of Infective Endocarditis
Your patient has subacute bacterial endocarditis caused by Streptococcus viridans. Which of the following sites is the most likely source of
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Causative Agents of Urinary Tract Infection
A 21 year old female presents to ED complaining of a 2 day history of dysuria and urinary frequency. Urine dipstick shows leucocytes ++, nit
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Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
A 23 year old woman presents to ED complaining of fever and pelvic pain for the last 24 hours. She reports that she has been experiencing a
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
A 15 year old is brought in unwell with a headache, fever and a non-blanching rash. A lumbar puncture confirms a diagnosis of Meningococcal
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Components of Normal Bacterial Flora
Which of the following is NOT typically present in the skin flora:
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Management of Community Aquired Pneumonia
A 55 year old man, usually fit and well, presents to ED complaining of a cough productive of green sputum, fever and feeling tight-chested
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Causes of Hospital Acquired Infection
Which of the following is the most frequent source of healthcare associated bacteraemia:
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Causative Agents of Community Acquired Pneumonia
A 45 year old man, usually fit and well, presents to ED with fever, shortness of breath and a productive cough. His x-ray is shown below. Wh
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Management of Tonsillitis
A 14 year old boy is brought into ED complaining of a sore throat, fever, painful swallowing and tender lymph nodes. An image of his throat
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Cell Staining in Microscopy
Giemsa-stained blood film microscopy is typically used for the diagnosis of which of the following:
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Causative Agents of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
A 69 year old presents to ED with a fever, a cough productive of thick green sputum and shortness of breath, 48 hours after being discharged
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
Which of the following microbes has a polysaccharide capsule:
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Clinical Features of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Herpes simplex encephalitis has a predilection for which of the following sites:
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Clinical Features of Psittacosis
A 24-year-old pigeon fancier presents with fever of 40°C, severe diffuse headache, malaise, dry hacking cough and muscle aches. Lung exam r
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Causative Agents of Septic Arthritis
A 29 year old patient presents with a fever and a red, hot, swollen, painful knee. A knee aspirate is performed which shows clusters of Gram
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Management of Infective Endocarditis
A 27 year old man is sent in by his GP. He is complaining of a general malaise and fever over the last week and his GP has noted a new harsh
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Causative Agents of Encephalitis
Which of the following pathogens is the most common cause of infectious encephalitis:
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Microbial Mechanisms of Attachment
A 21 year old girl presents to ED with abdominal cramps and watery diarrhoea. Her boyfriend has recently returned from travelling abroad and
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Management of Meningitis
A 22 year old student presents to ED with a headache, neck stiffness and photophobia. You suspect meningitis. Which of the following is the
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Management of Cellulitis
A 45 year old patient presents to ED with a 24 hour history of a painful, red lower leg shown below. He suffered an insect bite the day befo
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Management of Urinary Tract Infection
A 65 year old man presents to ED complaining of fever and rigors. He explains that he has pain in his perineal area, dysuria and pain on def
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Investigation of Meningitis
A patient presents to ED with a fever, headache, neck stiffness and photophobia. Meningitis is suspected and a lumbar puncture is performed.
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Microbial Mechanisms of Immune Evasion
Which of the following microbes is motile by virtue of its flagellum:
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Components of Normal Bacterial Flora
Which of the following is NOT typically present in the nasopharyngeal flora:
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Management of Urinary Tract Infection
A 36 year old woman presents to ED complaining of fever and left flank pain. She has been having urinary frequency and urgency over the last
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Investigation of Meningitis
A 72 year old patient presents to ED with a fever, headache and neck stiffness. You suspect meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed and t
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